Mugwort: Species of aromatic plant. Used medicinally to treat stomach discomfort and irregular periods.

Mugwort has also been found in Brazilian folk medicine as a remedy for stomach ulcers.
Researchers have found that the plant contains antioxidants which help to explain its protective effects on gastric tissues.
Mugwort also known as common artemisia, felon herb, St. John’s herb, chrysanthemum weed, sailor’s tobacco, and moxa is a perennial member of the Compositae family, and a detailed relative of wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L. ).
Mugwort’s generic name is from that of the Greek moon goddess Artemis, a patron of women.

The plant can be used as a galactagogue in the Sudan.1043 The leaves are used in a variety of folk remedies for the relief of indigestion and general stomach disorders.
The seeds are edible and have been found in remedies for rheumatism, chronic cough, and enlargement of the spleen and liver so when an over-all tonic.
Extracts of the seeds are incorporated into several cosmetics claimed with an effect on premature hair loss and as skin cleanser.
Description —Tamarindus indica is a medium-size tree, with short bole, striped scaly darkish bark, and a dense crown.
The leaves are peripinnate with 7–12 pairs of opposite leaflets, unequally rounded at the bottom.
The flowers occur in small terminal racemes, are yellowish with red or purple stripes with 3 peals and 4 sepals.

Treatment And Control

Alba leaf extract effectively reduced enterpooling in mice induced by castor oil.
The largest dosages of leaf extract (400 and 500 mg/kg) result in a larger diminution in both total quantity of diarrheal feces and percent inhibition of diarrhea.

• Commerce —Mucuna is a major commodity in international medicinal plant trade, nonetheless it is neither cultivated on a large scale nor exported in virtually any significant manner in the continent.
• The ripe fruit is edible and rich in vitamin A and has some vitamin C.
• Its soft leaves are finely-divided , are silver-grey due to the presence of fine hairs reaching in length up to 80 mm long and width up to 40 mm wide; arranged alternately, oval in form .
• And Iris spp., are cultivated principally for his or her ornamental value so when shelter from the wind, and occasionally useful for medicinal purposes .
• flowers , which 25–50% are female .

bitterness of the leaves is frequently exploited by nursing mothers to assist in weaning babies by rubbing the juice on the breasts.
Soup prepared with washed leaves is believed to improve lactation.
It is used with the leaves of Psidium guajava for the treatment of hypertension and kidney problems.
In Rwanda, it is put into local sorghum beer, ikigage, to increase the potency and for medicinal purposes.
Ethnomedicinal Uses — The plant is used in West Africa to flavor soups taken as general tonics and stimulants or within postpartum diet therapy.

Artemisia Species

The plant drug is an effective anti-inflammatory agent, demulcent, expectorant, antitussive, spasmolytic, antiviral, immunostimulant, and therapeutic agent in the treating adrenocortical insufficiency.
Its potential use for treatment of human acquired immune deficiency syndrome and its antiviral properties are subjects of ongoing research.
The hypoglycemic activity of the plant and its antiprotozoal effects have already been reported.566 The alcohol extract also showed activity against leukemia virus in mice.
A maximum dose of 1 1 g/kg p.o.has been recorded as tolerated by mice.
The fresh sap is used as a laxative, and the partially fermented palm wine is administered to nursing mothers to boost lactation.
Soap prepared with ash from the palm fruit husk can be used for treating infections.

Description — This is a hairy wood climbing plant or a straggly shrub; the young stems are pithy or hollow, and the branchlets are covered with brown stinging hairs.
It has polymorphous leaves, mainly entire, often 2–5 lobed, and asymmetrical with caudate base, with parallel tertiary nerves and covered on both surfaces with prickly stellate hairs.
It is up to 25 cm long and concerning the same size in breadth.

Dyson A In Ashwell A Discovering indigenous healing plants of the herb and fragrance gardens at Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden.
Cape Town, National Botanical Institute, The Printing Press 9-10.

• The plant has been situated in the Jos and Kaduna areas of Nigeria,
• pressure showed a triphasic response, which comprised a rapid fall, followed by a growth and a delayed fall.
• Whitei have also centered on the root/root bark extracts, that is a sign of the high pressure on the underground plant part.
• The plant came into prominence in the 1990s being an herbal remedy for the treating benign prostatic hyperplasia .

Therefore, there exists a compelling necessity expand research into phytochemicals that are useful to relieve pain and inflammation.
The purpose of the analysis is to evaluate pharmacological activity of A.
Alba, focusing on antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antidiarrheal activities in Swiss albino mouse model.
Diabetes is a common chronic disease, characterized by recurrent hyperglycemia and metabolic problems .
Diabetes mellitus is the eighth major cause of death, affecting 4% of world population.
Its effect on various physiological systems, especially nerves and blood flow, makes it a severe medical condition in both developing and industrialized countries .

The enzyme can be used in diagnostics to determine the urea within the blood serum.
Commerce — Frankincense occurs in various forms in commerce.
The crude olibalum is sold in markets in Somalia, Djibuti, Yemen, and neigboring countries in the Horn of Africa and Middle East.
The essential oils are exported for the perfumery industry and for used in aromatherapy.
The merchandise from Sudan is mainly Boswellia papyrifera, and the Indian frankincense is Boswellia serrata.

[newline]It is primarily found in common cold, cough, sore throat, influenza, asthma as it is thought to clear the respiratory and bronchial passages [50- 53].
The leaves are heated and the vapors inhaled to alleviate outward indications of colds and flu .
Additionally it is used to clear the blocked nasal passage by inserting fresh leaves in the nostrils or by using as snuff; to alleviate pain in the throat in scarlet fever, either the hot infusion is used as gargle or the throat is subjected to vapors .
The leaves are generally smoked by some tribes to help release phlegm, to ease and soothe a sore throat, coughing during the night .
For cold and chest problems in infants, fresh leaves are placed in flannel bag and hung around baby’s neck .
Afra in combination with other medicinal plants has been widely documented in the ethnobotanical literature is given in Table 2.