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BTI further states that rebel leaders Mahamat Nouri and Timan Erdimi were not included in this pardon (ibid., 28). According to AI in 2011, “most” Chadian rebel group members remained active and “outside of any peace agreements” (AI Feb. 2011, 32). The United Resistance Forces (Union des forces de la résistance, UFR) was formed, comprised of eight rebel groups (ACLED Feb. 2009, 11; BTI 2014, 4), in 2009 (ibid.). The groups under the alliance included UFCD, UFDD and RFC, among others (ACLED Feb. 2009, 11).

On 6 April, she transited the Suez Canal and became a unit of the Middle East Force. The warship conducted exercises and made port visits at various East African and Persian Gulf ports over the next four months. She also collected intelligence on Soviet ships operating in the vicinity. On 12 August, she retransited the Suez Canal and briefly rejoined the 6th Fleet. After a stop at Rota on 21 and 22 August, she headed back to the United States and reached Norfolk on 1 September.

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Nouri had joined the FROLINAT rebel group in 1969, made up of Muslim members from the northern and central part of the country. When that group split up in 1976, he sided with Hissen Habré, who then became president of Chad. The day before Déby’s death was confirmed, the head of FACT, Mahamat Mahadi Ali, was in an interview with Radio France Internationale describing Déby’s presence at the front lines in the centre-west of the country over the weekend. The death of Chad’s President Idriss Déby Itno came as a surprise, given his resilience and cat-like ability to avoid near-death experiences in the past. But the group being blamed for his death is Front pour l’Alternance et la Concorde au Tchad .

• Some vendors may be exempt from the North Carolina regulation requiring an operational permit to prepare and sell food or drink for pay.
• According to International Crisis Group, UFDD-Fundamental was led by Abdel-wahid Aboud Makaye and was based in Darfur between 2007 and 2010 (ibid.).
• According to the US Department of State’s 2007 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, the 2007 peace accord “was not implemented due in part to a resurgence of fighting in eastern Chad” (ibid.).
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“By the mid-2000s, there were a number of different rebel groups that were opposed to Déby’s regime, some of whom were actually family members of Déby, and most of them were based in western Sudan in the Darfur area,” says Eizenga. When Déby became president in 1990, it ushered in what would become a turbulent period. “But he was able to consolidate control, particularly over different armed groups from the north and east.” This moment was the calm before the storm. This article includes information collected from the Naval Vessel Register, which, as a U.S. government publication, is in the public domain.

In 2010, according to the Bertelsmann Stiftung Transformation Index , Mahamat Nouri left the UFR and created the ANCD [National Alliance for Democratic Change (Alliance nationale pour le changement démocratique) ] . The ANCD includes the UFDD, CDR, the Front for the Salvation of the Republic (Front pour le salut de la république, FSR) and the Democratic Movement for Chadian Redevelopment . In 2006, the UFDD invaded Chad from Sudan in a coalition with other rebel groups (PHW 2015, 270; FIDH Oct. 2007, 14) to attack the capital of the Ouaddai region, Abéché (ibid.). Sources describe the UFDD as a rebel group (ACLED Feb. 2009, 11; Human Rights Watch 2007, 5; PHW 2015, 270) whose recruits are primarily from the Gorane ethnic group (ibid.; Human Rights Watch 2007, 6).

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• “By the mid-2000s, there were a number of different rebel groups that were opposed to Déby’s regime, some of whom were actually family members of Déby, and most of them were based in western Sudan in the Darfur area,” says Eizenga.
• Nouri had joined the FROLINAT rebel group in 1969, made up of Muslim members from the northern and central part of the country.
• U.S. Navys top civilian and military leadership official biographies and photos.
• For information on the Gorane ethnic group, see Response to Information Request TCD104695.
• According to sources in 2013 and 2014, there were no significant rebel groups active in Chad (IHS 6 Sept. 2013; BTI 2014, 28).

However, after Haftar warmed up to the group, FACT has widely been seen “as a major threat to the Chadian government for some time now,” says Eizenga. But following his time in Saudi Arabia as Chad’s ambassador, Nouri cut ties with Déby following his reelection in 2006. He then went to Sudan to work with the different rebel groups there, all of them seeking Déby’s ouster.

The tentatively titled DDG will replace the older Ticonderoga-class guided missile cruisers and early Arleigh Burke-class guided missile destroyers . USS SHOUP is the 36th ship in the Arleigh Burke class of Aegis guided missile destroyers, and the eighth Flight IIA Aegis destroyer. She is the sixteenth Aegis destroyer constructed by Northrop Grumman Ship Systems’ Ingalls Operations. Her keel was laid on 13 December 1999 in Pascagoula, MS. She was launched on 22 November 2000, and delivered to the Navy on 19 February 2002.

Those evolutions continued until 8 November when work began to convert her main propulsion plant to the use of Navy distillate fuel. After completing the usual post-deployment standdown, Barney resumed 2d Fleet operations out of Norfolk. Those operations included the annual winter exercise in the West Indian waters in January 1969 and ASW exercises off the coast of Florida late in February and early in March. She returned to Norfolk on 5 March 1969 to prepare for overseas movement. The guided missile destroyer stood out of Norfolk again on 1 April, bound for European waters. Later that month before Barney joined the 6th Fleet, she participated in a trilateral ASW exercise with American, Spanish, and Portuguese warships. That operation was followed by hunter killer exercises in cooperation with USSWasp(CV-18).

The ships will be the backbone of the Navy’s fleet into the mid-21st century, protecting carriers and high-end ships while also providing offensive firepower of their own. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. More than a week after the death of President Idris Déby Itno, the rebels who killed the Chadian strongman are not relenting their fight as they continue to engage troops in the northern Kanem region, around 330km from Nigeria’s border communities. Experts are concerned about the growing political instability in Chad disrupting the Sahel security apparatus, with Nigeria among the hardest hit. But the Nigerian army tells The Africa Report not to worry, because it will ‘fill the gap’ left by the death of Déby in the regional security calculus. For once the funereal protestations of regional and international leaders at the violent death of a military leader are more than diplomatic posturing.